Israel

Palestinian National Authority formerly called the Palestine Liberation Organization, since the agreement with Israel yielding administration to it of parts of the Occupied Territory resulting from the 1967 war. They are seeking an independent Palestinian state comprising all or most of that Occupied Territory, and some of them would also like it to include the rest of Israel as well. On the other side, many Israelis would like to keep the land as part of Israel. The trouble is that Palestinians already live there, and they can't figure out a way to get them to leave, and they don't want to extend full citizenship to them, because then Jews would be outnumbered in Israel. They are moving to some kind of agreement in which most of the land will become a Palestinian state, but whether they can agree on how much of that land will be included remains an open issue, and a potential source of continuing conflict and perhaps war in the Middle East.

Palestinian Liberation Organization — National liberation movement led by Yasser Arafat.

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine — Party advocating the destruction of Israel.

Azzam Publications — This is an outlet for Islamic Jihad, which promotes its view of Islam, Palestinian independence, and opposes Israel and Western influences in the Islamic World.

James Hudson Taylor, was a British Protestant Christian Missionary to China, and founder of the China Inland Mission who served there for 51 years, bringing over 800 missionaries to the country and directly resulting in 18,000 Chinese converts to Christianity by the time he died at age 73.

Maria Antonia Josefa Johanna von Habsburg-Lothringen, known to history as Marie Antoinette, was born an Archduchess of Austria, and later became Queen of France and Navarre. She was the daughter of the Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa of Austria. She was married to Louis XVI of France at age 15, and was the mother of "lost dauphin" Louis XVII. Marie Antoinette is perhaps best remembered for her legendary (and, some modern historians say, exaggerated) excesses, and for her death: she was executed by guillotine at the height of the French Revolution in 1793, for the crime of treason.

Isaac Watts is recognized as the "Father of English Hymnody", as he was the first prolific and popular English hymnwriter, credited with some 750 hymns. Many of his hymns remain in active use today and have been translated into many languages.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical Era. His output of over 600 compositions includes works widely acknowledged as pinnacles of symphonic, concertante, chamber, piano, operatic, and choral music. Mozart is among the most enduringly popular of European composers and many of his works are part of the standard concert repertoire. He is generally considered to be one of the greatest composers of classical music.

Napoléon Bonaparte was a general during the French Revolution, the ruler of France as First Consul of the French Republic from November 11, 1799 to May 18, 1804, Emperor of the French under the name Napoléon I from May 18, 1804 to April 6, 1814 , and was briefly restored as Emperor from March 20 to June 22, 1815. He was also King of Italy, Mediator of the Swiss Confederation and Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine.

David Livingstonewas a Scottish Presbyterian pioneer medical missionary with the London Missionary Society and explorer in central Africa. He was the first European to see Victoria Falls, which he named. He is perhaps best remembered because of his meeting with Henry Morton Stanley, which gave rise to the popular quotation, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?"

Adoniram Judson, Jr. was an American Baptist missionary who labored for almost forty years in Burma. His mission and work led to the formation of the first Baptist association in America, inspired many Americans to become or support missionaries, translated the Bible into Burmese, and established a number of Baptist churches in Burma. He is sometimes mistakenly referred to as the "first missionary to Burma", but he was actually preceded by James Chater and Richard Mardon who arrived in 1807. They were followed by Flex Carey. However, since those who came earlier did not remain very long, he is remembered as the first significant missionary there, as well as one of the group of the very first missionaries from America to travel overseas.

The Reverend Jonathan Goforth, was the first Canadian Presbyterian Missionary to China with the Canadian Presbyterian Mission, with his wife, Rosalind Goforth. Jonathan Goforth became the foremost missionary revivalist in early 20th century China and helped to establish revivalism as a major element in Protestant China missions.

Charlotte Digges "Lottie" Moon was a Southern Baptist Missionary to China with the American Southern Baptist Mission who spent nearly forty years (1873-1912) helping the Chinese. As a teacher and evangelist she laid a foundation for traditionally solid support for missions among Baptists in America.

William Carey was an English Protestant Missionary and Baptist minister, known as the "father of modern missions." Carey was one of the founders of the Baptist Missionary Society. As a missionary in Seramppore, India, he translated the Bible into Bengali,
Sanskrit, and numerous other languages and dialects.

Louis XVI ruled as King of France and Navarre from 1774 until 1791 and then as King of the French from 1791 to 1792. Suspended and arrested during the Insurrection of the 10th of August 1792, he was tried by the National Convention, found guilty of treason, and executed on January 21 1793. His execution signaled the end of the absolutist monarchy in France and would eventually bring about the rise of Napoleon I.

Although he was beloved at first, his indecisiveness and conservatism led the people to reject him and hate in him the perceived tyranny of the former kings of France. During the French Revolution, he was given the family name Capet (a reference to Hugh Capet, the founder of the dynasty), and was called Louis Capet in an attempt to discredit his status as king. He was also informally nicknamed Louis le Dernier (Louis the Last), a derisive use of the traditional nicknaming of French kings.

Louis XIV ( ruled as King of France and of Navarre from May 14, 1643 until his death just prior to his seventy-seventh birthday. He acceded to the throne a few months before his fifth birthday, but did not assume actual personal control of the government until the death of his First Minister , Jules Cardinal Mazarin, in 1661. The reign of Louis XIV, known as The Sun King or as Louis the Great (in French Louis le Grand, or simply Le Grand Monarque, "the Great Monarch") spanned seventy-two years, the longest reign of any major European monarch. Louis XIV increased the power and influence of France in Europe, fighting three major wars, the Franco-Dutch War, the War of the League of Augsburg , and the War of the Spanish Succession, and two minor conflicts, the War of Devolution , and the War of the Reunions.